Glancing Back in Order to Move Forward: Where Women Stand in the Publishing World
By Siobhan McKenna, written February 2021
Throughout most of history, publishing was known as a gentlemen’s career where women served as secretaries, published under a pseudonym, or whose skills were doubted when they succeeded at holding high-ranking positions. Elizabeth Timothy has come to be known as one of the first woman publishers in America when in 1738 she inherited the South Carolina Gazette after her husband died. She continued to publish the Charleston-based newspaper under her 13-year-old son’s name as publishing as a woman was far from accepted in the pre-Revolutionary war era (1).
In addition to Timothy, Cornelia Walter was an early female publisher who became the editor of the Boston Transcript. Walter is most notably recognized for her reporting on a Philadelphia race riot that left many black citizens injured and homeless on August 3, 1842. When Walter left the newspaper in 1847 (because she was getting married), the newspaper’s owners printed that “the experiment of placing a lady as the responsible editor of a paper was a new and doubtful one . . . and her victory the more brilliant” (1).
By 1870, white women in publishing recognized growing gender discrimination against them and organized their own trade union in order to fight for better wages, as they were paid a third of a man’s salary (1). Nevertheless, while white women banded together, African American women were left out of the union but contributed to their own segregated journals. Ida B. Wells, an African American editor and journalist, wrote fiercely among a cohort of male colleagues. Throughout the late 1800s, Wells was the editor of several prominent newspapers with much of her work focusing on antilynching activism. In 1893, she coauthored an antilynching pamphlet with Frederick Douglass (2).
Today Timothy, Walter, and Wells would be surprised to learn that the world of publishing has become a female-dominated field albeit still white. A 2019 study conducted by Lee & Low Books reported that the industry is 74% cis-women and 76% white (3). This past summer two giants in the industry made strides to diversify their workforce by naming a woman of color as their senior vice president and publisher: Dana Canedy for Simon & Shuster and Lisa Lucas for Pantheon and Schocken Books, respectively.
The announcements of Canedy’s and Lucas’ positions came after a heavy few weeks, with the deaths of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor among other innocent Black lives as well as a resurgence of the Black Lives Matter movement. And yet, it is appalling that in interviews regarding her new position Canedy had to resolutely defend that her qualifications go beyond being Black. In talking about the events leading up to her appointment, Canedy said that Jonathan Karp, the chief executive of Simon & Schuster “should get credit for the fact that in an era of racial reckoning, when suddenly everybody is looking for people of color and women to add to their boards and to bring in to their companies—he started talking to me two years ago. . . . I wouldn’t be taking this job if I thought he just wanted a Black publisher” (4).
Yet, in order for more women of color to be represented in the publishing industry, diversifying the workforce cannot only occur at the executive level. Publishing houses will have to forgo the traditional ways of hiring from within and recruit BIPOC staff from outside current staff members because only when many, smaller-scale presses begin to evaluate their own companies can systemic change occur. It is the job of independent publishers—like our own Yellow Arrow Publishing—to take the initiative to include BIPOC voices within our company and its publications.
Over the summer, Yellow Arrow recommitted itself to examining how to include female-identifying voices of color and to promoting already established literary spaces such as Zora’s Den, which promotes Black women writers in the Baltimore area. Yellow Arrow, as a fierce woman-identifying platform, has the power to elevate the voices of color that have for far too long been underrepresented in society and in the publishing community. As a publishing company with a long-standing mission to listen to the beating heart behind every woman’s story, we can only move forward after internalizing the words of the writer and civil rights activist, Audre Lorde, who stated, “I am not free while any woman is unfree, even when her shackles are very different from my own. And I am not free as long as one person of Color remains chained. Nor is anyone of you” (5).
Siobhan McKenna is a middle child and a lover of bikepacking and practicing yoga. She enjoys writing essays, poetry, and long-winded letters to friends. For the past nine years Siobhan has lived in the charming city of Baltimore but beginning in the spring (now!) she will start work as an ICU travel nurse—moving to a different city every three months to work, write, and explore all that this crazy, broken, and beautiful country holds. You can follow her on Instagram @sio_han.
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Yellow Arrow Publishing is a nonprofit supporting women writers through publication and access to the literary arts. To learn more about publishing, volunteering, or donating, visit yellowarrowpublishing.com.
Sources:
(1) “Women in Publishing.” History of American Women. https://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2013/05/women-in-publishing.html
(2) McMurry, Linda. “Wells-Barnett, Ida Bell.” American National Biography, Feb 2000. https://www.anb.org/view/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.001.0001/anb-9780198606697-e-1500924
(3) “Where is the Diversity in Publishing? The 2019 Diversity Baseline Survey Results.” Lee & Low Books, 28 Jan 2020. https://blog.leeandlow.com/2020/01/28/2019diversitybaselinesurvey/
(4) Harris, Elizabeth. “Simon & Schuster Names Dana Canedy New Publisher.” The New York Times, 17 Nov 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/06/books/dana-canedy-named-simon-schuster-publisher.html
(5) “(1981) Audre Lorde, ‘The Uses of Anger: Women Responding to Racism.’” BlackPast.org. 12 Aug 2012. https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/1981-audre-lorde-uses-anger-women-responding-racism/